Duplex brake



Oct. 10, 1944.

c. E. TACK y DUPLEX BRAKE Filed Jan. 30, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 QG, f

3 Inge] am, .w 4.4\" il QN A y.,

,3 Sheets`Sheet 2 C. E. TACK DUPLEX BRAKE Filed Jan. 30,l 1945 Oct. 1o,1944.

C. E. TAC-K Oct. l0, 1944.-

DUPLEX BRAKE Filed Jan. 50, 1945 s sheets-sheet s Patented Oct. 10, 1944DUPLEX BRAKE Carl E. Tack, Chicago, Ill., assgnor to American SteelFoundries, Chicago, Ill., a. corporation of New Jersey ApplicationJanuary 30, 1943, Serial No. 474,113

(Cl. 18S-33) 23 Claims.

My invention relates to brake rigging and more particularly to a, typeof railway brake rigging sometimes called Duplex or Duo-Simplex in whicheach Wheel is braked by a friction shoe engaging the periphery thereofas well as by shoes engaging the inboard and outboard sides thereof. l

My invention comprehends an arrangement in which one or more of thefriction shoes is formed of iron and other of said shoes are formed ofcomposition in order to obtain a combination of the torquecharacteristics of iron and composition shoes in combination with aniron wheel.

An object of my invention is to obtain equalized heating of the wheelsby braking the sides as well as the periphery thereof in the mannerabove described, said equalized heating reducing the tendency of thewheels to crack as a result` of thermal stresses due to braking forcesthereon.

Another object of my invention is to design a Duplex brake arrangementof the generic type disclosed in the co-pending application Serial No.439,370, filed April 17, 1942, in the United States Patent Oice in thenames of Carl E. Tack and Wesley A. Helsten, in which live and deadtruck levers serve as actuating means for the friction shoes, saidlevers being in turn actuated by interconnected live and dead cylinderlevers connected to opposite ends of truckmounted power cylinders inwhat is generally termed a unit cylinder arrangment. Y

In the present invention the friction shoes at corresponding sides ofthe truck are actuated through brake beams connected to the truck leversand extending transversely of the truck, one of the beams associatedwith each wheel extending above the axle level and the other beamassociated with said wheel extending below the axle level. l

Another object of the present invention is to design a brake riggingsuch as above described in which one of the truck levers associated Witheach wheel is operatively connected to an equalizer lever havingoperative engagement at opposite ends thereof with a pair of bell cranklevers supported from the truck frame and carrying friction shoes forengagement with inboard and outboard sides of the adjacent wheel asabove described.

y In the drawings,

Figure l is a top plan View of a railway car truck embodying myinvention, and Figure 2 is a, side elevation of the structure shown inFigure 1. Y

- Figure 3, is a fragmentary end view taken from the right as seen inFigures 1 and 2, and Figure 4 is a sectional view taken in the planesindicated by the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

In each of said figures certain details may be omitted where they aremore clearlyseen in other views. Y

Describing my invention in detail, the truck frame generally designated2 comprises theside rails 4, 4, the end rails 6, 6 and the spacedtransoms 8, 8 between which a load carrying member or bolster (notshown) may besuspended in the usual manner. Eachside rail at each endthereof is formed with a pair of spaced pedestal legs I0, I0 adapted forthe reception therebetween of a journal box (not shown) formed andarranged for the accommodation of the adjacent end of the associatedwheel and axle assembly fragmentarily indicated at I2.

At opposite sides of each wheel are disposed the live and dead trucklevers I4 and I6, the ydead truck lever being pivotally iulcrumed at itsupper end as at I8 from a bracket 20 which may be formed on or securedin any convenient manner to the truck frame. The corresponding deadlevers I6, I6 at opposite sides of thetruck are pivotally connectedintermediate their ends as at 22, 22 respectivelyl to the brake beams24, 24, and each dead lever is operatively associated at its lower endWith friction 'means for engaging inboard and outboard surfaces of theadjacent wheel as hereinafter morey fully described.

Each beam 24 is pivotally connected at 26 adjacent each end thereof toone end of a pull rod 28, the opposite end of said rod being pivotallyconnected at 30 to the adjacent live lever I4. The lower ends ofcorresponding live levers I4, I4 at opposite sides of the truck arepivotally connected at 32, 32 to fulcrum jaws 34, 34 on the brake beams38, 36 extending transversely of the truck in the usual manner, eachbeam being provided with a jaw 38 pivotally connected at 48 to the lowerend of a brake hanger 42,

the upper end of said hanger being pivotally connected at 44 to thehanger bracket 48 of usual form, said bracket being secured at 48 to theadjacent transom 8. Each end of each beam 36 is provided with a trunnion50 (Figure 1) for pivotal engagement with a. brake head 52 in the usualmanner, said brake head carryinga brake shoe 54 for engagement with theperiphery of the adjacent Wheel and said head being afforded additionalsupport in the usual manner lby means of a brake hanger 56 pivotallyconnected at 58 to the bracket 88 on the truck frame.

The lower end of. each dead truck lever VI6 is fulcrum casting 12 andsaid levers carrying on opposite corresponding ends thereof the brakeshoes 82, 82 for engagement with inboard and outboard surfaces on theadjacentrwheel. Re-

lease means for the bell crank levers 18, 18 is provided in the form oftension springs 84, 84 underlying the equalizer lever 68 and pivotallyconnected at opposite ends thereof as at86, l88

to the respective bell crank levers and at `88, 88 to the wing portions90, 90 on the fulcrum casting 12. It may be noted that the casting 12may be afforded a torque connection to the truck frame by means of aange`92 on the top thereof, said flange being pivotally connected at -94to the hanger 95 which is *pivotally connected at 88 to the truck frame.y

It'may also be noted that the bell crank levers 18, `18 associated witheach -wheel and the cooperating equalizer lever 6-8 lie in a planediagonal with respect to the horizontal and approximately bisecting theaxis of said Wheel, although it will be understood that, -if desired,said levers may be disposed in a horizontal plane.

Actuating means for -the rigging at each side of the truck may beprovided in the form of a power cylinder mounted at |02, |02 on acylinder pad |04 on the truck frame, the piston rod |08 projecting fromone end of said cylinder being pivotally'connected at |08 tothe outerend of the live cylinder'lever ||0, said cylinder lever being pivotallyconnected intermediate its ends as at ||2 to a pull rod A| |4,'and saidcylinder lever |.|0 being pivotally connected at its innerfend as at ||8to a pull rod or link ||8 afforded pivotal connection at |20 to theupper end of the adjacent live truck lever I4.

The pull -rod ||4 is pivotally connected at its opposite end as at |22to the dead cylinder lever |24 intermediate its ends, said rod beingprovided with amanual slack `adjuster |26 of usual form. Thevouterend-ofthe dead cylinder lever |24 -is pivotally connectedv at |28 to .theautomatic slack adjuster means |29 secured at |30, |30 to the `cylinder1|00, and the innerend of the dead cylinder lever |24 is pivotallyconnected at |32 to the Apull rod .or link |34 which is afforded pivotalconnection at |36 to the upper end of the adjacentlive trucklever. I4.The live and dead-cylinder levers ||0 `and.|24Y may be afforded slidablesupport in the usual manner from support brackets-|38, |38 mountedronthe truck frame.

In operation of the brake rigging shown in the bottom half of -Figure-1, the .piston rod |08 moves to the left, whereby the Llive cylinderlever |||J is moved ina clockwise vdirection about the pivot point ||-2,the pull rod ||4causing the dead cylinder lever |24 tomovein acounterclockwise direction about the vpivot point|2.8. Through itsconnection to the associated cylinder lever, each live truck lever iscaused to pivot about the pivot point 30, whereby the'associatedfrictionshoe 54 is engaged with the `.periphery of theadjacent wheel and atsubstantially the ysame time by means of the fpull rod A28 Atheassociated .dead

truck lever is caused to move about its pivot point I8, whereby theassociated equalizer lever 68 is urged against the adjacent bell cranklevers 18, 18 to urge the shoes 82, 82 against the inboard and outboardsurfaces of the adjacent wheel] It may be noted that in the event ofrelative lateral movement between the wheel and axle assemblies |2, I2and the truck frame 2, the equalizer levers 88, 68 -will rock on thearcuate ends of the bell crank levers 18, 18 to afford equalizedpressure by the shoes 82, 82 against the wheels.

Itwill be understood that an object of my invention is -to providecomposition friction shoes 82, 82 vand 'an iron friction shoe 54 forassociation with .each fwheel, whereby advantage may be taken of thecombination of torque charac- Vteristics `of composition and ironbraking material acting against the iron wheel. However, it will beunderstood that all of the shoes 82, 82 and-54 may be iron or all may becomposition, if desired. It will also be apparent that bylmeans of thebrake arrangement associated with each wheel, 0said wheelwill-beafforded lequalized heating by the'associated shoes, thus tending toprevent cracks in the Wheel from thermal stresses resulting from brakingforces acting thereon.

'It is to'be understood `that I do not wish to be limited by the exactembodiment of -the devicel shown Ywhich is merely by way of illustrationvand not limitation fas various and other forms of the device will, ofcourse, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the vscopebf the claims.

Iclaim:Y

1. In a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame, a supporting wheel and axleassembly comprising anaxle with wheels thereon, brake vbeams at oppositesides of said assembly, dead truck levers fulcrumed atftheir upperendsvfrom said frame, said levers being pivotally connected`intermediate their'ends to one of .said beams, and said levers beingoperativelyassociated-at their lower ends with friction means, livetruck levers connected at their lower ends vto theother Sof said beams,friction shoes supported by the -last-mentioned beamy for engagementwith the peripheries Yof said wheels, pull rods pivotally-connected tothe live levers intermediate Ytheir ends and pivotally connected to thefirst-mentioned beam, power means operativelyassociated with thea-livelevers, said lfriction means comprising friction shoes adapted to engagethe inboard andoutboard sur. faces of each wheel, bell crankleverseng-aged'at corresponding ends Withsaidshoes, and an equalizer lever inabutment'with opposite corresponding ends of said bell crank levers, afulcrum member hung from said frame and affording fulcrums for -saidbell crank levers intermediate their ends, said members also affordingslidable support for said equalizer lever, `anda connection between saidequalizer lever and the lower end of the associateddead lever.

2. In a brake-arrangement,..a vehicle frame, a supporting wheel -andaxle assemblyrcomprising an-.axle with Wheels thereon, .brake :beams atopposite sides of said assembly, dead truck levers fulcrumed at theirupper ends from .said frame, said levers being pivotally connectedintermediate theirY ends toone of said beams, and said levers beingoperatively associated at their lower ends withlfrictiommeans, livetruck levers connected at their lower ends to the other yof saidbeams,friction .shoeswsupportedby the lastmenticned beam for engagement withthe periph; eries of said wheels, pull rods pivotally connected to thelive levers intermediate their endsand pivotally connected to thefirst-mentioned beam, and power means operatively associated with thelive levers, said friction means comprising an equalizer lever, means onthe frame affording slidable support therefor, bell crank leversoperatively associated Vwith said equalizer lever :and carrying frictionshoes for engagement with inboard and outboard surfaces on the adjacentwheel, and an operative connection. between said equalizer lever and theadjacent dead truck lever. 3. In a brake arrangement, a truck frame, a,supporting wheel and axle. assembly "comprising an axle with wheelsmounted thereon,llive and dead truck levers at opposite sides of eachwheel, thedead truck levers being pivotally fulcruned at their upperends from said frame, a brake beam pivotally connected to the deadlevers in termediate their ends, said beam extendingabove -the axlelevel, a brake beam extending below fthe axle level, operativelyassociated with the lower ends of said live levers, 'and carryingfriction means for engagement with said wheel, friction meansoperatively associated with the dead levers and adapted for 'engagementwith said wheels,

pull rods connecting the first-mentioned beam to said live leversintermediate their ends, and power means operatively associated withsaid live levers, said last-mentioned friction means comprising frictionshoes at inboard and'outboard sides of each wheel. 4.A In a brakearrangement, a vehicle frame, a supporting wheel and axle assemblycomprising an axle with wheels. thereon, brake beams at opposite sidesof said assembly, dead truck Ilevers fulcrumed at their upper ends fromsaid' frame, said levers being pivotally connected intermedif ate theirends to one of said beams', and s aid levers being operativelyassociated'at'their lower ends withfriction means adapted to engagein-Vboard and outboard surfaces on `saidjwheels' ,'live truck leversconnected at their lower ends'to the other of said beams, friction shoessupportedby the last-mentioned beam for engagement with the peripheriesof said wheels, pull rods pivotally connected to the live leversintermediate their ends and pivotally connected to'the first-men; tionedbeam, and power means operatively associated with the live levers.

5. In a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame, a supporting Wheel and axleassembly comprising an axle and a member rotatabletherewith,l frictionshoes for engagement with opposite sides of said member, bell cranklevers connected at cora responding ends to respective shoes, meanssuspended from said frame and affording a, fulcrum for saidleversintermediate theirends, an equalizer lever abutting the oppositevcorresponding ends of said bell crank levers, means aiordingv slidablesupport for said equalizerlever, and ac` tuating means for urging saidequalizer leveragainst said opposite ends whereby said shoes are'engaged with said member, said bell crank and equalizer levers beingdisposed in a plane diagonal with respect to the horizontal.

` 6. In a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame, a supporting wheel andaxle assembly comprising an axle and a member rotatable therewith,friction shoes for engagement with opposite. sides of said member, bellcrank levers connected at cor-A responding ends to. respective shoes,means slus-l Pndedfffmisedfiaea ed @Ordine a .fulcrum for said leversintermediate their ends,` an equalizer lever abutting the 4oppositecorresponding ends of said .bell crank levers, means affording slidable:support for said equalizer lever, actuatf ing means for urging saidequalizerl lever against said opposite ends whereby said shoes areengaged lwith said member, and resilient release means connected to saidopposite corresponding ends and to said frame. .l g 7. In a brakearrangement, a truck frame, a supporting wheel andaxle assemblycomprising an axle with wheels mounted thereon, live and deadvtrucklevers atopposite sides of -each wheel, brake beams pivotally connectedto corresponding truck levers at opposite sides of the truck, frictionmeanscarried by one of said beamsfor engagement with the wheels,friction means actuated by the levers associated with the` other beam,the last-mentioned friction means also being adapted to engage -thewheels, pull rods pivotally connecting the last-mentioned beam to thelevers associated with the first-mentioned beam, and power meansoperatively associated with the live levers, said last-mentionedfriction means comprising friction shoes at inboard and outboard sidesof each wheel.

8. In a brake arrangement, a truck frame, .a supporting wheel and axleassembly comprising an axle with wheels mounted thereon, live .and deadtruck levers at opposite sides of each wheel, a brake .beam connectingthev dead levers, a brake beam hung from the frame, and carryingfriction means for engagement with4 the wheels, connections between thelive levers and the last-mentioned beam, pull rods pivotally connectedto the rst-mentioned beam and to the live levers, friction meansactuated by the dead levers and formed and arranged for engagement withradial faces on said wheels, and operating means associated with thelive levers, said last-mentioned friction means comprising a frictionshoe spaced axially of each wheel and engageable therewith during abraking operation. 9, In a-brake arrangement, a vehicle frame,` asupporting .wheel and axle assembly comprising an axle and a concentricmember rotatable therewith, brake shoes for engagement with oppositesides of said member, bell crank levers connected at corresponding endsto respective shoes and at opposite corresponding ends to actuatingmeans, and a fulcrum for said levers intermediate the ends thereof, saidbell crank levers being disposed in a plane diagonal with respectvto thehorizontal, said actuating means comprising an equalizer lever bearingat opposite ends thereof against arcuate surfaces on said oppositecorresponding ends. t 10. In a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame, asupporting Wheel and axle assembly comprising an axle and a concentricmember rotatable therewith, brake shoes for engagement with oppositesides of said member, bell crank levers connected at corresponding endsto respective shoes and at opposite corresponding ends to actuatingmeans, a. fulcrum for said levers intermediate the ends thereof, andresilient release .means connected a supporting wheel and axle assemblycomprising spaced Wheels; live and dead truck levers at opposite sidesof said assembly, beams extending transversely of said frame 4andconnected respectively tocorrespondin'g' live anddead truck levers,friction means supported 'by -oneofsaid beams for engagement with theperipheries of `said wheels, pull Vrods connecting the :live `trucklevers to the other of said beams, said live levers being connected tosaid rst-mentionedbeam and lfriction means operatively associated withthe dead levers, said last-mentioned friction means :bei-ng 4formed andarranged for engagement -with inboard and out-board surfaceson-said'whe'els.

12. In a, brake arrangement, a vehicle .f-rame, a supporting wheel and'axle' assembly comprising spaced wheels, a brake lbeam extendingtransversely of said frame and carrying friction-means for engagementwith the peripheries of said wheels, friction means for engagement withinboardfand outboard sides of said wheels, and lan operative connectionbetween said beam andsa'id last-mentioned friction means.

13. In Va brake arrangement, a vehicle iframe,

a supporting wheeland aXle assembly comprising f spaced wheels, a brakebeam extending transversely of said frame and carryingfrictionimeans forengagement with the peripheries `of said wheels, friction means for-engagement with -inboard and outboard sides of -said wheels, and anoperative connection betweensaid-beam and-said last-mentioned frictionmeans, said operative connection comprising interconnected live and deadtruck levers at opposite sides of `said :as--

sembly.

14. In -a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame,

a supporting -wheel and axle assembly comprising spaced wheels, a brakebeam extending trans'- versely of said frame and carrying friction meansfor engagement with `the peripheries of said wheels, friction means 4forengagement with ling board and outboard sides of said wheels, and `anoperative connection between said bea-m and said board and outboardsidesof-said wheels, and an" operative connection betweensaid :beam andsaid last-mentioned friction means, said operative connectioncom-prising live levers conneetedto ltuating'means-for moving saidequalizer lever toward lsaid wheel whereby said friction means arefrictionally engaged therewith.

1:8. In a -brake arrangement Vfor a railway car truck, a truck frame, asupporting wheel and axle assembly comprising a wheel, ,a fulcrumcasting -hung from said `frame adjacent said wheel, bell crank "leversfulcrumed intermediate their ends 'from said casting and carryingvfriction means at their ladjacent corresponding ends forengagement withinboard and outboard surfaces of said wheel, an equalizer 'leversli'dably supported 'from said casting and bearing against the oppositecorresponding ends of said bell crank levers, actuating vmeans formoving said equalizer' lever toward said wheel whereby said frictionmeans are frictionally engaged therewith, and resilient `release meansconnected 'to said opposite corresponding ends and to adjacent portionsof said casting.

19.V In a brake arrangement for a railway car truck, a-truck frame, a,supporting wheel and axle assembly comprising a wheel, a fulcrum castinghung from said frame adjacent said wheel, bell crank levers fulcrumedintermediate their en'ds from said casting and carrying friction meansat their adjacent corresponding ends for engagement with inboard andoutboard'suriace's of said wheel, an equalizer lever slidably supportedfrom said casting v andgbearing against the opposite corresponding endsof saidbell crank levers, and

actuating means for .moving said equalizer lever" truckllever'operatively ,connectedl to said equalizer lever. k

20. In a brake arrangement for a wheel, a brake beam carrying frictionmeans for 'engagement l with the periphery of Asaid wheel, frictionmeans said beam, dead leversroperativelyassociated Wit-hsaidlast-mentioned friction means, and `means connecting said liveflevers tosaid dead levers, said last-mentioned means' Acomprising s. beamextending transversely ofthe frame 4and-pivcited to said dead levers,and `pull rodsconne'cted tto said last-mentioned lbeam yand tosaidli-velevers.

16. In a brakearrangement for :a wheel,-abeam at one side thereofcarrying friction means ttor for engagement with `radial surfaces onopposite sides of said wheel, `a lever connectedv to said beam, a leveroperatively associated with' said last-mentionedfriction means, meansinterconnecting said levers, and actuating means associated withsaidlevers.

AIn a brake arrangement for a wheel, a brakebeam carrying frictionAmeans for engagement with the periphery' of' said wheel, friction meansfor engagement with radial surfaces on opposite sides of said'wheeL'alever connected to said beam', a lever operatively associated with said'last-mentioned @friction means, .means in'- terconnecting said levers,and actuating means associatedV with said levers, said interconnectingmeans Vcomprising abeam'pivoted to said second'- with in'board andoutboard surfacesthereof, and

actuating means ,for said friction means com-` prisinglbrakeibeamsassociated therewith and extending transversely of said frame atopposite sides of each wheel and axle assembly, interconnected live anddead truck levers connected to the beams associated with each assembly,and operating means associated with said live levers.

23. In a brake arrangement, a vehicle frame, spaced supporting wheel andaxle assemblies, each comprising an axle and spaced Wheels, frictionmeans for engagement with the peripheries of said wheels, friction meansfor engagement with l0 inboard and outboard surfaces thereof, andactuating means for said friction means comprising brake beamsassociated therewith and ex-

